锂离子电池三元材料专利技术分析

Analysis of patents on nickel cobalt manganese based cathode material for lithium-ion battery

锂离子电池三元系层状正极材料即Li Ni1-x-y CoxMnyO2,相对于单一组分层状材料如钴酸锂、镍酸锂和锰酸锂,具有放电容量大、循环性能好等优点,是具有良好应用前景的正极材料之一,特别是在全球新能源产业持续发展的环境下。为了解锂离子电池三元材料专利技术在世界范围以及中国的发展情况,以德温特世界专利索引数据库(DWPI)和中国专利文摘数据库(CNABS)的检索结果为基础,对三元材料专利申请量趋势、制备方法及技术功效、重要申请人、技术发展路线及三元材料核心专利做了详细分析。结果表明,三元正极材料在全球范围及中国的专利申请量持续增加,但国外来华申请量并没有明显增长;国内三元材料发展起步晚,基础和核心专利欠缺,与日韩企业还具有较大差距;在制备方法上的专利申请主要为共沉淀法和固相法;围绕三元材料的改性主要为提高电化学性能,但安全性和成本问题没有得到有效突破。基于上述分析,对我国在三元材料领域的专利布局提出一些参考建议。

LiNi1-x-y CoxMnyO2 cathode material for lithium-ion battery is one of the promising cathode materials due to its larger discharge capability and good cycle performance as compared with a single component layered materials such as lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate and lithium manganate, especially under the environment of global sustainable development of new energy industry. In order to review the development of nickel cobalt manganese based cathode material（NCM） for lithium-ion battery in the world and China, patents from domestic and overseas on the NCM for lithium-ion battery are analyzed, based on the searching results from the Derwent Word Patent Index database（DWPI） and China Patent Abstract Database（CNABS）. This report focuses on the analysis of the aspects of patents application trend, preparation methods and technical effectiveness, important applicants, technology development route and core patent. The results show that patent applications of NCM around the world and China are increasing, but there is no obvious increase in the number of foreign applications in China recently. The development of domestic started late, the basic and core patents are lacking, and the gap between Chinese applications and Japanese/Korean applications is large. The preparation method is mainly co-precipitation and solid-phase reaction, and the modification is mainly focused to improve the electrochemical performance. However, there is no effective breakthrough in terms of safety and cost issues. Based on these, some suggestions are put forward on the patent layout of NCM for lithium-ion battery of our country in the future.