一种新型电动车超级电容-蓄电池复合电源系统

Research on the New Hybrid Power System of the Super Capacitor-Battery for the Electric Vehicle

针对目前电动车续驶里程短、电池易老化、爬坡能力差、能量回收效率低的缺陷,研究以比功率高、循环寿命长的超级电容作为辅助电源,实现了一种新型超级电容—蓄电池复合电源系统.从超级电容—蓄电池系统的结构出发,对电动车的行驶工况进行了具体分析,构建了超级电容充电模型和超级电容—蓄电池复合电源系统模型.仿真和实际试验结果表明,该复合电源系统能有效回收制动能量,从而使蓄电池的低能量密度和低功率密度等缺陷得到弥补,进而提高电动车动力性能和电能的利用率,使电动车的续驶里程增长,能有效地降低蓄电池电压和电流幅值波动,延长蓄电池的使用寿命.

For the electric vehicle＇s defects of short continued driving mileage, easy battery aging,poor climbing ability and low energy recovery efficiency, the high power density and long cycling life hybrid power system of the super capacitorbattery based on the super capacitor auxiliary is studied. Based on the structure of the super capacitor-battery system, the driving mode of the electric vehicle is analyzed and the super capacitor charging model is built; meantime, the super capacitor battery hybrid power system is built and simulated. Simulation and experimental results show that the hybrid power system can effectively recover the braking energy,make up the defects of the battery low energy density and low power density, improve the electric vehicle power performance and power utilization. So this system can make the electric vehicle continued driving mileage longer, effectively reduce the battery voltage and current amplitude fluctuations as well as prolong the battery service life.