温带落叶阔叶林小尺度空间地表鞘翅目成虫群落多样性

Diversity of the Ground Coleoptera Adult Community at Fine Scale in a Temperate Deciduous Broad-leaved Forest

为了研究小尺度空间地表鞘翅目成虫群落多样性的动态特征,在黑龙江省帽儿山森林生态站的温带落叶阔叶林内,设置三个5 m×5 m的固定监测样地,于2014~2015年进行4次野外调查.共捕获鞘翅目成虫11科1021只,步甲科和隐翅虫科为优势科,步甲科的Pterostichus maoershanensis和Carabus billergi为优势种.变异系数和稀释性曲线表明所有调查时间鞘翅目成虫群落具有较强的空间变异性,单因素方差分析表明不同科鞘翅目成虫的个体数量在不同调查时间有显著差异（P〈0.05）.相同调查时间不同样地间鞘翅目成虫的个体数量差异显著（P〈0.05）.Jaccard相似性指数和聚类分析的结果均表明各样地不同调查时间群落状况差异显著,多样性指数在不同调查时间差异显著且与均匀度指数并不一致.本研究表明温带落叶阔叶林小尺度空间地表鞘翅目成虫具有较强的时空变异性.

In order to study the dynamic characteristics for diversity of ground Coleoptera aduh community at fine scale, three 5 m × 5 m fixed monitoring plots were set in the temperate deciduous broad - leaved forest at Maoershan Forest Station in Heilongjiang Province. Four field investigations were conducted from 2014 to 2015. A total number of 1021 Coleoptera adults were collected, belonging to 11 families. Carabidae and Staphylinidae were dominant families with largest numbers. Pterostichus maoershanensis and Carabus billergi from Carabidae family were dominant species. The results of coefficient of variation and the rarefaction curves indicated that the Coleoptera community had strong spatial variability at all surveying times. According to results of ANOVA, the number of Coleoptera adults were significantly different between different investigating times （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Furthermore, results of Jaccard similarity index and cluster analysis showed that significant differences in community compositions were detected at different surveying times. The diversity indices were significantly different at different surveying times and were not consistent with evenness indices. This study suggested that ground Coleoptera adult community at fine scale is strong spatio -temporal variation in a temperate deciduous broad -leaved forest.