基层执法中的差序格局：理解社会治理的一个本土性视角--以城管执法为例

Diversity-orderly Structure of Grassroots Law Enforcement:A Local Perspective of Understanding Social Governance

本文从结构功能主义视角出发,根据执法机构和基层执法人员所处的结构性位置,探讨基层执法中差序格局出现的内涵、机理和发生机制。研究发现,作为政府一部分,执法工作却由于处于政府工作的边缘位置而不得不为了配合政府的中心工作而妥协;因"治理体系碎片化",本应多个部门联合的执法工作却由于不同的部门利益导致部门博弈,反而极大限制了单个部门的公平执法;而科层制结构底端的基层执法人员不仅要承受组织内部自上而下的各种压力,还要承受来自城市原子化社会结构中的生活风险,为此,基层执法人员不得不利用信息传递结构中的信息不对称优势和公务员身体结构的保护,通过策略性变通使用法律法规来构建出一个不平等的执法差序格局。

From the perspective of structural functionalism, this paper discusses the connotation, mechanism and mechanism of the difference order pattern in law enforcement at the grassroots.The study found that, as a part of the government, law enforcement work has to compromise with the government＇s central work because of the edge of the government. Due to the fragmentation of the governance system, it should he a combination of multiple departments of law enforcement work has appeared in the game between departments. Therefore, it greatly limits the fairness of law enforcement in a single institution. The grass-roots law enforcement officers at the bottom of the bureaucracy should not only bear the pressure from the top to the bottom of the organization, hut also bear the risk of life from the social structure of the city. To this end, grassroots law enforcement officers have to use the information asymmetric and the identity of civil servants to protect themselves.As a result, through the strategic flexibility ,they build an unequal pattern of law enforcement.