政策变迁下弱势群体相对剥夺感及其治理——以失独群体为例

Multidimensionality of Relative Deprivation of Vulnerable Groups Under Policy Change and the Formation and Governance for Their Socio-Psychological Dilemma:The Example of Bereaved Parents of Only-Child

政策变迁使弱势群体的相对剥夺感上升并呈现多维化特征,导致其社会心理困境加剧,成为具有代表性的公共管理难题。以失独群体为例,在生育政策变迁背景下,其相对剥夺感不仅存在横向和纵向两个维度,并且这两个维度发生了混合叠加。这种多维的相对剥夺感在个体、群体、社会三个层面因素的影响下,通过对情绪、生命活力、社会适应的作用形成了失独群体社会心理困境。基于这个理论框架,根据以人为本、实事求是、科学平衡的治理原则,提出了以降低多维相对剥夺感为核心的失独群体社会心理困境多中心治理路径,并厘清了政府、社会、个人各自治理边界,对弱势群体的公共治理研究与实践有一定借鉴意义。

The policy change raised up the relative deprivation of vulnerable groups, leading to their intensifying socio psychological dilemma, which has become a representative problem of public administration. Taking the bereaved parents of only-child （ BPOC ） as an example, the two dimensions （ vertical and horizontal ） of their relative deprivation have been mixed and superimposed under the fertility policy changing. Influenced by all three levels （ individual, group, and social ） of factors, this multidimensional relative deprivation brought about the socio-psychological dilemma of BPOC by affecting the emotion, life vitality, and social adaptation. According to this theoretical framework and three governance principles （ i.e., people-centered, being practical and realistic, and being scientific and balanced ）, we proposed the polycentric governance paths for the sociopsychological dilemma of BPOC with the core of reducing the multidimensional relative deprivation, and clarified the respective governance boundaries for government, society and individuals, for the reference of research and practice of public governance for vulnerable groups.