锡冶炼过程生命周期评价

A Study on Life Cycle Assessment of Tin Smelting Process

依据生命周期评价的技术框架和原则,对国内某企业锡生产焙烧、还原熔炼、精炼、炉渣熔炼及烟化处理等过程进行生命周期评价研究。结果表明:不可再生资源消耗指数(ADP)5.85×10-8,温室效应指数(GWP)4.35×10^(-9),酸化效应指数(AP)4.66×10^(-10),光化学烟雾形成指数(POCP)2.14×10^(-10)。锡冶炼系统的各种环境影响严重性排序为ADP>GWP>AP>POCP。发现锡冶炼系统中对ADP的影响几乎全部源于焙烧过程中锡精矿的使用;锡冶炼系统的能耗主要集中在电力的消耗,所占比重为65%,其次是粉煤,占比重28%;锡冶炼系统气体污染物排放所造成的环境影响中,温室效应的影响最为严重。

According to technical framework and principle of life cycle assessment（ LCA）,we have made a research of the process of tin production roasting,reduction smelting,refining,slag melting and fuming treatment in a tin company in China. The research results show that the weighted results of Abiotic Depletion Potential（ ADP） was5. 85 × 10^（-8）,the Global Warming Potential（ GWP） was 4. 35 × 10^（-9）,the Acidification Potential（ AP） was 4. 66 ×10^（-10） and the Photochemical oxidants contribution potential（ POCP） was 2. 14 × 10^（-10） after calculated. It can be seen that the environmental impact severity of tin smelting system is ADP 〉GWP 〉AP 〉POCP. In the whole smelting system the influence of ADP is almost 100% due to the usage of tin concentrate in the roasting process.The energy consumption of tin smelting system is mainly concentrated in the consumption of electricity,accounting for 65%. Followed by pulverized coal,it is accounting for 28%. The greenhouse effect is the most serious in the environmental impact of gas emissions from tin smelting system. So it is reducing CO_2 of emissions,as is the primary problem.