合作社提高了种植户的增收能力吗?——来自陕西省600户苹果种植户的经验证据

Do Cooperatives Improve Farmers' Income-increasing Ability?——Empirical Evidence From 600 Apple Planters in Shaanxi Province

依据组织参与程度将种植户分为非社员、普通社员和标准化社员三类,利用600份苹果种植户调研数据,采用偏最小二乘回归法分别从整体和群组视角分析了苹果生产经营行为对种植户增收能力的影响。结果表明:种植户的生产经营行为会对其增收能力产生影响,这种影响在三种类型种植户间存在显著差异;果园管理、农资采购、技术获取、品质管理和销售管理行为选择是影响种植户增收的关键因素;果园管理对非社员增收能力有显著负向影响,对其他两类种植户的影响不显著;技术获取对三种类型的种植户增收能力均有显著正向影响;农资采购、品质管理、销售管理对普通社员和标准化社员增收能力有显著正向影响,对非社员的影响不显著。因此,政府在政策的制定中,应充分考虑到异质农户的现状和实际需求。

In this paper, farmers were divided into non-members, ordinary members and standardized members according to their degree of organization participation. Based on the data of 600 apple-planting farmers, partial least squares regression was used to analyze the effect of the production and business operation behavior of these apple planters from whole and multiple group perspectives. The results show that the farmers＇ production and business operation behavior impact their income-increasing ability, this effect exists with significant difference among the three types of farmers. Orchard management, agricultural procurement, technology obtaining, quality manage- ment and sales management behavior are the key factors which affect farmers＇ income-increasing ability; Orchard management has significantly negative effect on non-members＇ income-increasing ability, while the effect on the other two classes is not significant; Technology obtaining has significant effect on three types farmers＇ income-in creasing ability; Technology obtaining, quality management and sales management have significantly positive im- pact on ordinary members＇ and standardization members＇ income-increasing ability, but have no significant effect on non-members. Therefore, in formulating policies, the government should fully take the heterogeneity of present situation and practical needs of farmers into account.