政府法制机构牵头的行政调解制度——一个基于上海实证分析的视角

System of Administrative Mediation Led by Government Legal Organization:An Empirical Analysis in Shanghai

行政调解作为行政主体主持的解决争议的一种纠纷解决方式具有其正当性。行政权具有有限的处分性、行政行为呈现多元化、社会转型期纠纷的特点、司法资源的有限性、ADR纠纷解决机制的禀赋构成了行政调解的基础理论与现实基础。建立由政府法制机构牵头的规范的行政调解制度,要处理好行政调解、人民调解、司法调解之间的关系,处理好行政权与司法权之间的关系,明确行政调解的对象,把行政调解的对象限定在行政纠纷、行政与民事纠纷交织在一起的纠纷、群体性纠纷、民生问题、历史问题等领域的纠纷。同时,对行政调解的主体、范围、程序、原则等作出明确的规定,把权利救济、纠纷解决、监督行政有机地结合起来,以实现社会的和谐发展。

To establish the administrative mediation system led by the government legal organization, we should handle the relationship between administrative mediation, people＇s mediation and judicial mediation, the relationship between administrative power and judicial power, and clarify the object of administrative mediation, which shoutd be limited to administrative disputes, administrative and civil intertwined disputes, group disputes, livelihood problems, historical issues and other areas of the disputes. In the meantime, we should establish clear regulations for the subject, scope, procedure, and principle of administrative mediation and organically combine the right of relief, dispute resolution and administrative supervision to achieve the harmonious social development.