饲粮中不同粗饲料对獭兔内脏器官和消化道组织形态的影响研究

The effects of different coarse fodders in diet to internal organs and tissue morphology of digestive tract in rex rabbits

为了评价柠条、苜蓿、豆秸、花生壳四种粗饲料原料对家兔内脏器官和消化道组织形态的影响,试验选用45日龄獭兔96只,随机分配到4个组,各处理组公、母比例一致。饲粮中粗饲料原料不同,试验Ⅰ组为30%柠条+10%苜蓿,试验Ⅱ组为40%苜蓿,试验Ⅲ组为40%豆秸,对照组为15%花生壳+25%苜蓿。单笼饲养(53 cm×37 cm×35 cm),自由饮水,定时定量限制饲喂。预试期为11 d,饲喂时间为08:00和18:00,试验期为60 d。结果表明:试验Ⅰ组獭兔除肝脏出现轻微病变外,其他器官表现基本正常;试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组獭兔的各器官基本表现正常;对照组獭兔除了肝脏和肾脏有变性外,其他各器官基本表现正常。除十二指肠、空肠、回肠部位的隐窝深度受饲粮中不同粗饲料的显著影响(P<0.05)外,其他各指标均不受饲粮中粗饲料的影响(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组獭兔十二指肠的隐窝深度分别比试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、对照组高29.91,28.64,26.83μm,试验Ⅰ组獭兔空肠部位的隐窝深度分别比试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、对照组高24.39,15.25,22.18μm。说明柠条可以增加獭兔十二指肠和空肠部位的隐窝深度,影响獭兔小肠的分泌功能;不同粗饲料饲粮,对獭兔的内脏器官和消化道组织形态没有显著影响。

In order to evaluate the influences of 4 different coarse fodders( caragana microphylla,clove,bean stalk and peanut shell) on internal organ and tissue morphology of digestive tract in Rex rabbit,we selected 96 Rex rabbits of 45 days,and randomly distributed into 4 groups with the same male parent ratio. The fodder contained different coarse feed raw materials,Group Ⅰ: 30% caragana microphylla + 10% clove,group Ⅱ: 40% clove,Group Ⅲ: 40% bean stalk,and Control: 15% peanut shell + 25% clove. Single cage feeding( 53 cm × 37 cm ×35 cm) during trail period,all the rabbits drank freely,and restricted feeding with fixed time and quantity. Preliminary trail period was11 days,feeding time was 8: 00 AM and 6: 00 PM,trail period was 60 days. The results showed that: Organs of rabbits in group Ⅰ performed normal except minor lesion appeared in the liver; organs of rabbits in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ performed normal; organs in control group performed normal except minor lesions appeared in their liver and kidney; Except crypt depth of duodenum and jejunum were significantly affected by different coarse fodders( P < 0. 05),other indexes won't be affected by the source of coarse fodders( P > 0. 05). The crypt depth in duodenum of group Ⅰ was 29. 91,28. 64,and 26. 83 μm deeper than group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ,and control group; the crypt depth in jejunum was 24. 39,15. 25,and 22. 18 μm deeper than group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ,and control group. This data indicated that caragana microphylla could increase the depth of duodenum and jejunum,and affect the secretion function of small intestine. In conclusion,different coarse fodders had no significant influence on internal organ and tissue morphology of digestive tract of Rex rabbit.