某部2006-2015年呼吸道传染病发病情况分析

Analysis of Incidence of Respiratory Infectious Disease in a Military Troop between 2006 and 2015

目的了解某部呼吸道传染病发病特征,为制订针对性防控措施提供科学依据。方法利用军队疫情直报系统和Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 2006-2015年呼吸道传染病年均发病率为9.26/万,发病率整体呈上升趋势,从2006年的7.03/万上升到2015年的9.98/万,各年度间呼吸道传染病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中发病最多的是肺结核,占呼吸道传染病报告总数的45.11%;其次为水痘(占26.89%),流行性腮腺炎(占8.77%)、麻疹和风疹(各占5.16%)、流感及流感样病例(占4.05%),这6种疾病共占呼吸道传染病发病总数的95.14%。各年、月份发病率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。10年间共发生呼吸道传染病聚集性疫情40起,分别占各类传染病聚集性发病疫情总数的86.96%和发病总人数的88.36%。2009年新增甲型H1N1流感,2013年新增急性发热性呼吸道病(腺病毒感染)。结论该部呼吸道传染病发病呈整体上升趋势,且聚集性发病逐年增多,肺结核常年高发,要采取综合性防控措施做好部队呼吸道传染病的防控。

Objective To find out about the incidence characteristics of respiratory infectious diseases in order to provide data targeted prevention and control measures. Methods The military disease reporting system and Excel software were used for statistical analysis. Results Between 2006 and 2015, the average annual incidence of respiratory infectious diseases was 92600. The incidence rate increased from 70300 in 2006 to 99800 in 2015. There was significant difference in the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases between these years. （X2 = 83.26 ,P〈0.01 ）. There were six types of diseases that accounted for 95.14% of the total of respiratory infectious diseases, among which the most prevalent one was pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 45.11% , followed by varicella（26.89% ）, epidemic parotiditis （8.77%） , measles （5.16%） and rubella （4.05%）. There was signifi- cant difference in the incidence of these diseases between each two months or years（ F= 10. 13 ,P= 0. 00009 ,P〈0.01 ）. The inci- dence of respiratory infectious diseases occurred in 40 cases during these ten years ,accounting for 86.96% of the total number of disease outbreaks and 88.36% of the total number of patients. There wasa new increase of HIN1 in 2009 and acute febrile respiratory disease（ adenovirus infection） in 2013. Conclusion Integrated measures should be taken to prevent respiratory infections amid the upward trend of the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases plus the high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.