某部军人家庭健康相关行为调查分析

Investigation of Health-related Behavior of Families of Military Servicemen

目的了解某部军人家庭健康相关行为的现状。方法于2016年3月采用问卷调查的形式对某部驻地军人家庭共计572户进行调查,内容包括家庭概况、家庭生活习惯以及家庭健康开支等。结果大多数家庭成员未全面了解家庭成员的健康状况(67.31%,385/572)和家族中是否存在心血管早发疾病、恶性肿瘤等遗传性疾病(69.93%,400/572);家庭成员中经常患的疾病,排在前3位是呼吸系统疾病(37.94%,217/572)、运动系统疾病(36.36%,208/572)、消化系统疾病(33.04%,189/572),获取健康知识主要是通过网络(73.95%,423/572);家庭中存在诸多危害健康的行为,如有部分家庭经常发生不愉快的争吵(1.05%,6/572)、不吃早餐(12.94%,74/572)、经常食用隔夜菜(17.83%,102/572)、饮食口味偏重(50.00%,286/572)、缺乏体育锻炼(20.10%,115/572)、吸烟(58.04%,332/572)及酗酒(54.54%,312/572);大多数家庭完全没有健康档案(69.58%,398/572),35.84%(205/572)的家庭成员从不体检或偶尔体检,在家庭健康开支方面,86.19%(493/572)的家庭去年健康投资占家庭总支出的15%以下,家庭健康投资项目排在前3位的是健康体检(55.77%,319/572)、运动健身(51.05%,292/572)、购买健康保险(37.24%,213/572)。结论某部许多军人家庭对健康重视不够,在日常生活行为方面存在健康隐患,部队卫生部门应加强健康教育,指导矫正不良的行为习惯。

Objective To find out about health-related behavior in families of some military servicemen in a troop. Meth- ods In March ,2016, 572 families in a military troop selected by stratified cluster random sampling were investigated via question- naires regarding general information, health-related behavior, life habits and health expenses. Results Many families were not quite clear about the health status of family members （ 67.31% , 385/572 ） or inherited diseases （ 69.93 % , 400/572 ）. The top three prevalent health problems facing family members were diseases in the respiratory system （37.94% ,217/572） , motor sys- tem （36.36% ,208/572）, and digestive system（ 33.04%, 189/572 ）. Family members learned about health mainly through the network（73.95% ,423/572）. There were many unhealthy behaviors in many families, such as quarrels（ 1.05% ,6/572 ） , skip- ping breakfast（ 12.94%, 74/572 ）, often eating overnight food （ 17.83%, 102/572 ）, preferring oily, salty or spicy foods （ 50. 00% , 286/572 ） , lack of exercise （ 20.10% , 115/572 ）, smoking （ 58.04%, 332/572 ） and alcohol drinking（ 54.54%, 312/572 ）. Many families didn＇t have family health records （69.58% , 398/572 ）. 35.84% （205/572） of the families surveyed never re- ceived physical checkups or underwent physical checkups occasionally. In terms of family health expenses, the top three health in- vestments were regular physical examinations （ 55.77 % , 319/572 ） , exercise or workout （ 51.05 % , 292/572 ） and health insur- ance（37.24%, 213/572 ）. Conclusion Families of many military servicemen don＇t pay enough attention to health . There are health hazards in daily life and behavior. The departments responsible for military health should strengthen health education and try to get rid of these unhealthy habits.