风力机侧偏限速机构的机理分析及倾角优化

Mechanism analysis and inclination optimization of wind turbine side speed limit mechanism

针对具有限速机构的小型风力机侧偏过程中理论力矩公式推导,分析风轮叶片及尾翼的气动性能,揭示了限速机构的风轮侧偏、尾翼偏转及重力回位力矩的产生机理并推导出其各力矩的精确表达公式,指出侧偏限速机构的研究重点在于侧偏时力矩之间动态平衡的过程;在此基础上,对侧偏限速机构重要参数的选取原则提出了具体说明,并在8种不同尾翼斜铰轴后倾角β'及侧倾角β″组合下,采用Matlab仿真软件对其编程绘制出尾翼回位力矩Mb及电动机输出功率P的变化曲线图.结果表明:具有β'>β″结构的侧偏限速型风力机在调速过程中能较好满足力矩之间动态平衡要求;采用Matlab软件在β'>β″倾角组合中找到了1组后倾角β'=8°、侧倾角β″=3°的最佳倾角组合,可以保证大风时电动机输出功率较为恒定及整机侧偏性能稳定,这将为小型风力机侧偏机构的进一步优化分析提供一定的技术基础.

A theoretical torque formula is derived for the small-sized wind turbine with me speeo limit mechanism. The aerodynamic performance of the blade and the tail, reveals the wind wheel cornering, tail deflection and gravity return torque generation mechanism were analyzed. The exact expression for- mula of the moment was derived. It is pointed out that the research on the speed limit mechanism lays an emphasis on the dynamic balance process between lateral torque; on this basis, the selection princi- ple of lateral mechanism important parameters are presented in detail, and under the combination of post dip β and side inclination β of 8 different tail oblique hinge axles, using Matlab simulation soft-ware we draw the programming tail moment Mb and motor P output power curves. The results show that the post dip fl＇ 〉 side inclination fi＂ structure cornering speed wind turbine can satisfy the requirements of dynamic equilibrium between the torque in the control process. Using Matlab software in the fl＇ 〉fl＂ structure found the best angle combination of post dip/3＇ = 8~ and side inclination fl＂= 3~, which can ensure that wind power output is constant and the laterality of the integral wind turbine is stable, which provides a technical basis for the future that will further analyzing the small-sized wind turbine side mechanism analysis.