我国南方地区吸湿性墙体内霉菌滋生风险评估

On the mould germination risk evaluation inside the hygroscopic wall in south of China

以温度和相对湿度为驱动势建立吸湿性墙体热湿耦合迁移数学模型,并通过权威案例验证模型。根据霉菌滋生条件,建立了基于瞬态温湿度及其持续时间的墙体内霉菌滋生风险评价方法。以红砖墙体为例,分析太阳辐射、室内空气温湿度对墙体内霉菌滋生风险的影响,并研究了我国南方各地墙体霉菌滋生风险。结果表明:太阳辐射越弱墙体内霉菌滋生风险越大,室内相对湿度升高使墙体内侧霉菌滋生风险快速增长,室内温度升高使墙体内、外侧霉菌滋生风险分别升高、降低;我国南方绝大部分地区墙体外侧存在霉菌滋生风险,总体上呈现东部比西部高、南部比北部高的趋势。

The paper is inclined to propose a dynamic mathematical model for simulating the transfer or transmission status in-situ of the thermos and moisture effects inside the multilayer hygroscopic building walls.For this purpose,we have chosen the relative humidity and temperature as the principal driving potentials of this model.In doing so,we have validated the model by means of comparing it with the international benchmark tests,and gained the results indicating that it would be possible for the model to be used to predict or forecast the transfer effects of the transient thermos and moisture within the hygroscopic building wall accurately.In so doing,we have developed an evaluation method for forecasting and predicting the mould germination risk in the wall of the building in accordance with the mould germinating condition.The method we have developed has been prepared on the basis of the transient distribution of the temperature and the relative humidity as well as their length of duration.Taking the red brick wall for example,it is necessary to analyze the impact of the solar radiation,and the effect of the relative humidity and temperaturet of room-interior air on the mould germination risk liabilities within the wall.Moreover,it is also necessary to study and work out the mould germination risk or risks inside the wall in various regions in the south of China.The results of our investigation and calculation show that solar radiation has a great effect on the mould germination risk inside the wall.For example,the lower solar radiation may result in a quite serious mould germination risk in Changsha.On the other hand,the fluctuation of the room-interior air humidity can bring about serious mould germination risk on the inner side of the room wall,which is likely to lead to quick increase of the mould germination risks.What is more,the temperature fluctuation of indoor air can also influence both the inner side and the outside of the building walls.For instance,the temperature rising may lead to the increase of the mould germination risk in the inner side of the wall,while temperature rising may also lead to the drop of the mould germination risk in the outer side of the wall.Therefore,in almost all the regions in the south of China,people have to face the mould germination risks.Generally speaking,people living in the eastern provinces of the country have to confront greater mould germination risk than those living in the western ones,and,similarly,the people living in the southern provinces have also to face greater mould germination risk than those who live in the northern provinces.