回族妇女疾病治疗的场景仪式解析--甘肃临夏回族自治州的田野调查

An analysis of the scene-based rituals of disease treatment for Hui women:A case study in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu province

回族妇女对疾病类别有着特定的分类,包括医学疾病与超自然病因引起的疾病。医学疾病需要药片、针剂治疗,超自然病因引起的疾病的治疗则与之不同。患病妇女处于世俗世界,超自然病因则深处神圣世界。作为世俗世界普通个体的患病妇女无法与神圣世界直接交通。她们需要特殊人物作为中介提供帮助。以特殊人物为中介点,形成了三个场景,分别是民间、宗教和家庭场景。在这三个场景中,中介人物将采取一系列的仪式为患病妇女进行治疗。从田野调查资料上来看,民间、宗教和家庭场景仪式具有一定的功效。这些场景仪式能直指患病妇女的内心,调动她们体内自我康复的能力。

Hui women have their specific classification of diseases, including those caused by medical etiologies and supernatural etiologies. The former need treatment by pills or injections, but the latter need quite different ways of treatment. The sick women are in the secular world, but the causes of the latter are embedded deep in the sacred world. As ordinary individuals in the secular world, the sick women cannot communicate directly with the sacred world, and need help from the special people who are intermediaries. The special people are at the intermediary point of three scenes, which are the civil, the religious and the family. In the three scenes, the mediator will perform a series of rituals to treat the sick women. From the field investigation, all the rituals in the three scenes have some effects because they can mobilize their internal ability to heal themselves and bring their potential into full play.