克罗恩病患者临床特点及其与吸烟关系的回顾分析

Retrospective Analysis of Relation between Clinical Characteristics and Smoking Conditions in Patients with Crohn′s disease

目的探讨克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)患者疾病表现与吸烟的关系,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法收集2001年6月至2015年5月宁夏医科大学总医院收治的CD患者,按患者吸烟情况不同分为非吸烟组、活动性吸烟组、既往吸烟组,通过统计患者一般资料,临床表现和治疗方案等资料,回顾性分析各组患者的疾病特点。结果本研究共纳入142例符合标准的患者,其中非吸烟患者72例(51%),活动性吸烟患者44例(31%),已戒烟患者26例(18%),男女发病比为1.18∶1。从首次就诊年龄来看,非吸烟患者(43.67±15.37)岁,活动性吸烟患者(37.57±16.28)岁,已戒烟患者(41.52±15.59)岁(P=0.000)。各组病人病变部位均以L2(结肠)最常见,其中重度活动期病人仅占21%。在治疗方案的选择上,仍以5-氨基水杨酸联合激素治疗最常见,活动性吸烟组应用5-氨基水杨酸联合激素的患者比例明显高于非吸烟组(P<0.05)。结论相对于非吸烟组患者来说,活动性吸烟组患者首诊年龄较低,激素应用比例较高。

Objective To compare the characteristics of CD patients with different smoking conditions and to provide a vigorous basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods 142 CD patients treated at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from June 2001 to May 2015 were divided into three groups according to the smoking conditions： Non-smoker, Current smoker and Former smoker. Data on baseline and clinical manifestation were retrospectively compared in the three groups. Results A total number of one hundred and forty-two CD patients were included in this study, in that 72 （51%） patients were non-smokers while 44 （31%） patients were current smokers and 26 （ 18% ） patients were former smokers. The average age at the first time of diagnosis was as follows： none-smoker was （43.67± 15.37 ） yews, current smoker was （37.57 ± 16.28） years and former smoker was （41.52 ±15.59） years （P=0.00）. As for disease location, the colon （L2） was the most common location. With all the included patients, 21% patients with a severe level of disease activity. For the therapeutic requirements,5-ASA was most common, but current smokers needed more 5-ASA and steroids than non-smoker did （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The age at the first time diagnosis of current smokers is much lower than that of the non-smokers, and current smokers need more corticosteroids.