心理学视野中的谦虚及其研究

A Psychological Perspective on the Study of Modesty

谦虚既是一种人格,也是一种社会行为。目前对谦虚的测量主要采用外显量表和内隐测试。谦虚在心理健康、人际关系和组织管理等方面都可以起到积极的作用。谦虚受到社会文化、情境等外部因素以及性别、信念等个体因素的影响。儿童谦虚观念的形成受到行为本身真实性和儿童对环境的认知这两方面的影响。该文从含义、测量、功能、影响因素、发展等方面对心理学界的谦虚相关文献进行了梳理,结果发现,相比国际心理学界日益增多的实证研究,本土对谦虚的探讨大多停留在理论层面而且缺乏理论建构。期望该文能唤起国内研究者对谦虚研究的重视,让传统价值在当代中国发挥新的作用。

In psychological perspective, modesty has been studied as either a personality trait or a social behavior and can be indexed with either explicit or implicit measures. Existing researches suggest that modesty plays an important role in improving psychological well-being, enhancing interpersonal relationships and benefiting organizational manage- ment. The manifestation of modesty is influenced by both external factors （ e. g., culture and circumstances） and internal factors （e. g., gender and beliefs）. Although modesty has recently been a veritable ＂hot＂ topic in empiri- cal and theoretical research, its importance has rarely raised attention of Chinese psychologists. Thus, by compre- hensively reviewing the definitions, measurements, functions, influential factors and development of modesty, we hope this review would deepen people＇s understanding of modesty, and provide insights for studying modesty in Chi- nese psychology.