可持续交通——各方观点和长期挑战

Sustainable Transportation: Alternative Perspectives and Enduring Challenges

从交通研究者和实践者的角度出发,以可持续交通这一概念为中心展开讨论。可持续交通宽泛地反映了可持续发展在交通领域的原则。随着可持续性这一概念的外延逐渐扩大,在它的定义、应用和价值取向上出现了不同观点。着重讨论可持续交通,以及如何理解和运用可持续交通,包括:1)将可持续性或者可持续发展作为一个整体的概念,包括关于可持续性的不同方法和定义之间的冲突;2)对可持续交通以及交通领域对其理解的探索;3)使用指标来实现可持续性的应用。然后识别了通往可持续交通之路的若干挑战,包括缺乏清晰定义、可持续性的固有冲突、可持续发展的跨领域本质、各种工作框架和指标体系、可持续发展的政治因素和交通领域实践中的不同观点。基于在该课题上的研究积累,总结解决这些问题的工作框架,提出因地制宜、注重结果、整体的方法来解决可持续交通中的挑战。

This paper provides a discussion centred on the notion of ＇sustainable transportation＇ as a concept for transportation academics and practitioners. Sustainable transportation broadly reflects the principles of sustainable development in the transportation sector. As with the broader notion of sustainability, there are several alternative perspectives on the definition, application, and value of the concept. The paper discusses key topics pertaining to the notion of sustainable transportation and how it is currently understood and applied. These include （1） concepts related to sustainability/sustainable development as a whole, including conflicts between approaches and definitions of sustainability, （2） an exploration of sustainable transportation and how it is addressed by the transportation sector, and （3） the use of indicators to apply sustainability concepts. We then identify several challenges that complicate the progress towards sustainable transportation - including issues with clearly defining the term, cross-cutting nature of the problem, inherent conflicts in sustainability, the multitudes of frameworks and metrics available, the politics of sustainability, and alternative discourses that exist in transportation practice. Based on our own research in this area, we conclude with recommendations for an overarching framework to address these issues. We propose an approach that is context-specific, outcome-focused, and holistic to tackle the enduring challeng- es of sustainable transportation.