汉语句法、重音、语调相互作用的语法效应

On Grammatical Effects of Interactions Between Intonation,Stress and Syntax

本文从上古汉语[VP而VP]等句式在现代汉语口语表达中不合法的现象出发,讨论汉语管辖型核心重音排斥动词并列及其与汉语句调相互作用所产生的语法效应。文章首先讨论上古汉语[VP而VP]句式消失的韵律原因,继而提出现代汉语"一句一调"的韵律属性及其在"句型构造"(如流水句、连动式)和"句型改造"(意合法、紧缩句)方面的语法效应。文章认为,古代并列动词短语的发展变化和现代特殊句型的出现,均可分析为中古以来汉语管辖型核心重音与句语调相互作用下的句法结果。

Based on the fact that coordination structure [VP er VP] is very common in classical Chinese but ungrammatical in modern spoken Mandarin Chinese （ ＊ [VP he VP]）,this paper argues first that it is the Government-based Nucleus Stress （G-NSR） in Chinese that bans such coordinate verb phrases and exerts impacts on intonational phrases in a sen- tence, while promoting the evolution of grammar through history. Furthermore, it is shown that the historical changes had driven the sentences in Mandarin Chinese to be formed with only one intonation phrase within the VP. The proposed grammatical effects are manifested on Sentence Construction （such as Run-on Sentences, Serial Verb Constructions） and Sen- tence Transformation （such as Parataxis and Contraction） in Mandarin Chinese. The paper claims that the disappearance of coordinate verb phrases and the emergence of special sen- tence patterns in Mandarin Chinese can all be accounted for by interactions between intona- tion and the G-NSR since Medieval Times.