保留宾语类把字句与完结短语理论

Ba-Construction with Retained-Objects and the Telic Phrase Hypothesis Theory

完结短语理论认为动结式的补语是动词的内部体,投射为"完结"功能短语,论元的受影响性与动词的完结性质有紧密的句法关系,动结式的宾论元是受影响性论元。把字句的谓语都具有完结意义,"把"后宾语是受影响性论元,故把字句和动结式具有同样的句法结构。"把"后宾语的位置为[Spec TelP],保留宾语是非受影响性论元,位置为[Spec VP]。完结短语理论分析简明,能有效解释补语为空范畴的情况,动结式生成过程的移动动因是V逐步核查[+完结]特征等动词有关特征,具有语言普遍性。

The Telic Phrase Hypothesis believes that the resultative complement is an inner Aspect of the VR,projecting a functional Telic Phrase,and that the object of VR is an affected argument as the affectedness of arguments is related to the telicity of a verb. In Ba- construction, since the predicate is telic and the object of Ba is also an affected argument, the syntactic structure of Ba-construction is the same as that of VR. The object of Ba is pro- jected on [Spec TelP], while the retained-object is projected on [Spec VP]. The Telic phrase theory offers a simple but effective syntactic analysis and could well explain the resultative complement as an empty category. Furthermore, the motivation of VR generation is that V moves to R while checking its [＋telic] feature, which represents a typological universal.