某部新兵自杀意念现状及干预效果评价

The status and effect of intervention on suicidal ideation of certain recruits

目的了解某部新兵自杀意念现状,探讨新兵自杀意念干预模式效果。方法采用自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、和自编的军人自杀保护性因素评定问卷对某部727名新兵进行现场团体测试,从中选择人口学资料均匹配,自杀意念得分均达到12分划界点和自杀保护性因素、人格特征无显著差异的2组新兵,干预组在第一次施测后进行4周的系统心理干预,对照组按新训计划进行常规健康教育。采用自杀意念自评量表、艾森克人格问卷、军人自杀保护性因素评定问卷作为效果评价指标。结果 27人初步筛选为有自杀意念者,自杀意念发生率为3.71%。干预组干预前后,自杀意念(t=3.810,P<0.01)、自杀保护性因素差异显著(t=-2.160,P<0.05),人格特征得分无显著差异。对照组干预前后,在自杀意念(t=2.629,P<0.05)、内外向(t=-2.462,P<0.05)和稳定性等人格因素上差异显著。干预后干预组和对照组自杀意念、人格特征、自杀保护性因素对比结果呈阴性。结论该部新兵自杀意念发生率低于正常人群体。管理干预、团体心理训练、个体心理咨询与治疗的系统干预模式对保护性因素干预效果明显。

Objective To investigate the status of suicidal ideation among certain recruits, and to discuss the effect of three-dimension intervention. Methods Field group test were applied by using EPQ, self-rating idea of suicide scale （SIOSS） and self-made protective evaluation questionnaire in a certain recruits which had 727 recruits. Then two groups were divided by same demographics, scored more than 12 of SIOSS, no difference between protective factors and personality. After first test, intervention group had a 4-week intervention. And the control group had normal health education. SIOSS, EPQ, and protective evaluation questionnaire were used as the index of effectiveness evaluation. Results 27 recruits have suicidal idea- tion through the preliminary screening. The incidence of suicidal ideation is 3.71%. Before and after intervention, the interven- tion group has significant difference in scores of suicidal ideation （ t = 3. 810, P 〈 0. O1 ）, protective factors （ t = - 2. 160, P 〈 0. 05）, while there is no statistics significance in scores of personality traits. Before and after intervention, control group has significant difference in scores of suicidal ideation （ t = 2. 629, P 〈 0. 05 ） , introversion-extroversion （ t = - 2. 462, P 〈 O. 05） and stability, but high concealment. There is no difference about protective factors. After intervention, there is no difference between control group and intervention group on suicidal ideation, personality traits and protective fac- tors. Conclusion The incidence of suicidal ideation is lower than normal people. Three-dimension intervention, which refers to management intervention, group mental training and individual counseling, can reduce the incidence of suicidal ideation and increase the protective ability.