曾德昭《大中国志》中的汉字字体名称研究

A Study on the Chinese Typeface Names in Relao da Grande Monarquia da China

汉学名著《大中国志》介绍了汉字的四种字体,因只标了注音,未写汉字,引发后人诸多猜测,特别是第二和第三种字体,争议颇大。何高济认为第二种字体为行书,孟德卫、计翔翔、陈辉、董海樱等学者认为第二种为楷书,第三种为隶书。但大量资料证明第三种不应为隶书,而是行书。《大中国志》介绍的汉字四种字体应分别为篆书、楷书、行书、草书。

As a very famous book in the history of Sinology, Relao da Grande Monarquia da China by Alvaro Semedo has been of great influence throughout the world. The book introduces four different kinds of Chinese type- faces, but it does not present the written form of the Chinese characters, only their phonetic symbols are given, which has led to many speculations and discussions, especially to the second and the third kinds of typefaces. HE Gao-ji and D sees the second kind as the running script （ Xingshu ） ong Haiying see that as the regular script （Kaishu） and , but D. E. Mungello the third kind is regard , JI Xiangxiang, Cheng Hui, ed as clerical script （Lishu） All of these opinions have been widely quoted in academic circles. Based on careful studies, the author, however, argues that the third one should not be the clerical script （Lishu） but instead the running script （Xingshu）. The four kinds of Chinese typefaces of Semedo should be the seal script （ Zhuanshu）, the regular script （ Kaishu）, the running script （Xingshu）, and the cursive hand （Caoshu） respectively.