新西兰酒花品种介绍及其中3种酒花酿造性能研究

Introduction to New Zealand Hops and Study on the Brewing Performance of Three Hops Varieties

酒花品种及配方多样性,赋予了啤酒特定的风味。国内啤酒行业多采用青岛大花和札一香花进行酿造,口味严重同质化。目前,啤酒精酿方兴未艾,而新西兰是一个除德国和美国外的酒花新品主产区。首先对新西兰酒花品种的起源、农学信息、已知的酒花香气和酿造特性、主要应用等信息进行综述,然后利用HPLC对苦味组成、GC-FID对酒花油进行检测,通过品尝明确酒花的基本风味特点,并筛选3个特色酒花品种进行酿造实验。新西兰酒花信息为大生产啤酒和精酿啤酒拓展酒花选择、开发特色啤酒提供了支持。

The specific flavor of beer is endowed by the diversity of hop varieties and their formula. Most domestic breweries are con- fined to traditional recipes based on Qingdao hops and SA-1 hops, which leads to serious homogeneity in taste. Nowadays, craft beer is booming in China. In order to provide more choice to beer consumers, new hops varieties are required. New Zealand is another new hops varieties production region except Germany and America. In this paper, the origin and agricultural information of New Zea- land hops varieties, the aroma and the brewing properties of known hops, and the application of New Zealand hops were reviewed. Then the bitterness compositions were analyzed by HPLC and hops oil was measured by GC-FID. And the basic flavoring characteristics of hops were determined by tasting. Finally, three hops varieties with special features were used in beer-making test. This study provided more choices for beer brewing in practice.