老年人尿失禁非手术治疗的研究进展

Research progress on non-surgical treatment for urinary incontinence in the elderly

老年人尿失禁是一种与多因素相关的老年综合征，患病率高，诊治率低。尿失禁的评估是老年人尿失禁治疗的基础，主要包括危险因素、病史采集、体格检查、辅助检查。老年人尿失禁治疗应遵循从无创到有创的原则，在进行药物治疗之前先进行行为治疗和物理治疗。行为治疗主要包括生活方式干预、膀胱训练、盆底肌肉训练。物理治疗包括电刺激、磁刺激。当行为治疗联合物理治疗效果不佳时，可联合药物治疗。

Urinary incontinence in the elderly is a multifactorial geriatric syndrome with a high prevalence and low rates of diagnosis and treatment. Evaluation of urinary incontinence is the basis for treatment of elderly patients with urinary incontinence and includes risk 5actors, medical history, physical examinations and supplementary examinations. Treatment of urinary incontinence in the elderly should follow the principles of noninvasive treatment before invasive treatment and behavioral and physical therapy before drug therapy. Behavioral therapy mainly includes lifestyle intervention, bladder training, and pelvic floor muscle training. Physical therapy includes electrical and magnetic stimulation. When the effect of behavioral therapy combined with physical therapy is poor, drug treatment can be added.