胎儿颅脑正中矢状切面在复杂颅脑畸形超声诊断中的意义分析

Analysis of Significance of Fetal Craniocerebral Central Sagittate Section in Diagnosis of Complex Craniocerebral Malformation Ultrasound

目的探讨胎儿颅脑正中矢状切面在复杂颅脑畸形超声诊断中的意义。方法整群选取2014年5月—2016年5月在该医院进行产检的6 425名孕妇作为该次研究对象,给予6 425名孕妇进行20~32孕周的超声检查,6 425名孕妇的常规胎儿测量使用头围、双顶径、观测颅内结构等常规检查,分析6 425名孕妇颅内异常、复杂颅脑畸形检查情况及诊断准确率情况,正中矢状面超声诊断情况,胎儿复杂颅脑畸形正中矢状切面声像图情况。结果 6 425名孕妇颅内异常、复杂颅脑畸形分别为189、18名,占比2.94%、0.28%,随访后,复杂颅脑畸形为17名,诊断准备率为94.44%(17/18);正中矢状面超声诊断后颅窝蛛网膜囊肿3名、Dandy-Walker畸形4名、小脑下蚓部发育不全5名、前脑无裂畸形4名、胼胝体发育不全3名。结论经腹检查、经阴道二维、三维等联合超声检查诊断效果显著,有效提高了中、晚期孕胎儿的颅脑畸形检出率。

Objective To discuss the significance of fetal craniocerebral central sagittate section in diagnosis of complex craniocerebral malformation ultrasound. Methods 6 425 cases of pregnant women with antenatal care in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2016 were group selected as the research objects and were given the ultrasound examination for 20 to 32 pregnant weeks, the routine fetal measurement included the routine examinations of head circumference, double top diameters and intracranial structure observation, and the intracranial abnormality, examination situation of complex craniocerebral malformation, diagnosis accurate rate, diagnosis of central sagittate section ultrasound and the sonogram echogram of central sagittate section ultrasound of complex craniocerebral malformation of fetuses of all pregnant women were analyzed. Results Of 6 425 cases of pregnant women, craniocerebral abnormality and complex craniocerebral malformation were respectively in 189 cases and 18 cases, respectively accounting for 2.94% and 0.28%, after follow-up, 17 cases were with complex craniocerebral malformation, and the diagnosis preparation rate was 94.44%（17/18）, and 3 cases were with intracranial arachnoid cyst after the central sagittate section ultrasound diagnosis, 4 cases were with Dandy-Walker malformation, 5cases were with cerebellar vermis agenesis, 4 cases with holoprosencephaly and 3 cases were with callosal agenesis. Conclusion The diagnosis effect of transabdominal examination and transvaginal two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound examination is obvious, which can effectively improve the test rate of craniocerebral malformation of fetuses in the middle and late pregnancy.