鼻塞式持续气道正压通气治疗新生儿肺透明膜病的疗效及护理对策

Curative effect and nursing measures of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in treatment of hyaline membrane disease

目的:探讨鼻塞式持续气道正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)治疗新生儿肺透明膜病(hyaline membrane disease,HMD)的临床疗效及护理措施。方法:将56例HMD新生患儿随机分为观察组(n=28)与对照组(n=28),观察组给予鼻塞式CPAP,对照组给予头罩吸氧,对比两组患儿临床疗效。结果:观察组有效率(89.3%)显著高于对照组(39.3%)(P<0.01);治疗后两组PaO_2、PaCO_2显著优于治疗前,且观察组显著优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组肺出血、气胸、肺炎等并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:鼻塞式CPAP治疗加护理措施能有效提高HMD患儿呼吸系统防御水平,快速改善血气指标,减少并发症,提高治愈率,值得临床推广。

Objective: To discuss the curative effect and nursing measures of nasal continuous positive airway pressure( CPAP)in treatment of hyaline membrane disease( HMD). Methods: 56 cases of HMD were randomly divided into the observation group( n =28) and the control group( n = 28),the observation group were treated with nasal CPAP,and the control group were treated oxygen with head hood,then the clinical effects were contrasted between the two groups. Results: The effective rate of the observation group( 89.3%) was significantly higher than the control group( 39. 3%)( P < 0. 01). PaO_2 and PaCO_2 of the two groups after the treatment were significantly better than before,and the observation group significantly better than the control group after the treatment( P < 0. 05),incidence of complications such as pulmonary hemorrhage,pneumothorax,pneumonia were significantly lower in the observation group than these in the control group( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Nasal CPAP and nursing measures can effectively improve the defense level of respiratory system in children with HMD,quickly improve the indicators of blood gas,reduce the complications,improve the cure rate,and it is worthy of promotion.