控制论视角下第三方评估机制分析——基于H市社区治理评估项目的案例研究

Analysis on the Third-party Evaluation Mechanism from the Perspective of Control Right Theory: A Case Study of a Community Governance Evaluation Program in H City

在简要回顾第三方评估相关研究的基础上,采用单案例研究法,分析及反思第三方评估控制权在评估各阶段各利益相关方的占有和分配情况。在评估初始阶段,第三方评估机构及被评估单位往往一开始并不明确评估目标,而是在实施过程中,不断澄清和形成评估目标;在评估指标构造上,评估指标体系有相当的折衷性和妥协性。在评估实施阶段,第三方评估机构通过政府购买评估服务的合同获得对被评估单位的部分控制权,但这部分控制权并没有严格监管,在评估相关信息公开度和透明度有限的情况下,双方关系因合作双方负责人利益追求不同而有所不同。在评估结果发布阶段,评估结果控制权基本掌握在评估委托方及第三方评估机构手中。而对于第三方评估机制中评估控制权的分配正义问题,应促进大众参与,建立社会服务评估的激励和约束机制,以防止第三方评估失效。

On the basis of briefly reviewing relevant researches on third-party evaluation, this paper adopts asingle case analysis to analyze and reflect on the possession and allocation of the control right of third-partyevaluation among stakeholders in different stages of the evaluation. In the beginning stage, the third-partyevaluating agency and the evaluated agency usually do not have a clear evaluation goal, which is continuallyclarified and formulated in the implementing stage. In the fixation of evaluation index, the evaluation index systemhas some eclecticism and compromise. In the implementation of evaluation, the third-party evaluating agency acquirespart of the control right of the evaluated agency through contract of government purchasing evaluation service,but such control right is not strictly supervised. When the opacity and transparency of related evaluation informationis limited, their relationship is in discordance because of their different pursuits. In the stage of evaluation resultrelease, control right of the evaluation is basically in the hands of entrusting party and the third-party agency. Inthe end, it raises the question of distributive justice about control right of evaluation in third-party evaluationmechanism, and suggests it is imperative to promote the public participation and build an incentive and restraintmechanism for the evaluation of social service to prevent the loss of efficacy of third-party evaluation.