PVC热稳定剂富马海松酸钇的制备、复配及性能研究

Preparation,Complex and Performance of Yttrium Fumaropimaric Acid as Thermal Stabilizer for PVC

以富马海松酸(FPA)和醋酸钇为原料,合成了富马海松酸钇(YFPA),并利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪等对其结构进行了表征;通过热烘箱老化、刚果红变色法测定了其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)热稳定性的影响。结果表明,YFPA中钇元素与COO^-以离子键结合,形成了一种非晶态三维网状结构;单独添加1份(质量份,下同)YFPA时,PVC热稳定时间延长到21min;当YFPA与硬脂酸钙(CaSt_2)、硬脂酸锌(ZnSt_2)和季戊四醇(Pe)复配时,对PVC的初期着色性以及长期热稳定性均有很大提高,当YFPA和CaSt_2的质量比为1.5∶1时,热稳定时间延长至62min,PVC样片初期颜色在20min内没有发生改变,而且试片颜色在80min内没有变黑。

Yttrium fumaropimaric acid （YFPA） was synthesized by using fumaropimaric acid and yttrium acetate tetrahydrate as raw materials.Structure and morphology of YFPA was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction measurements,and effect of YFPA as a heat stabilizer on thermal stability of poly（vinyl chloride） （PVC） was investigated by Congo red and oven thermal aging methods.The results indicated that the YFPA product presented an amorphous and three-dimensional network structure connected by the coordinate bond of COO^- and Y^3＋.The duration of thermal stability for PVC could be extended to 21 min when 1 phr of YFPA was added.The complex of YFPA with alcium stearate,zinc stearate and pentaerythrite could more effectively improve the long-term thermal stability of PVC and also retard its stainability at the initial heating stage.When the weight ratio of YFPA and calcium stearate was set to 1.5：1,the duration of thermal stability of PVC was improved up to 62 min.Meanwhile,no color change was observed from PVC specimen within 20 min,and no black color was found within 80 min.