再论英国19世纪末农业萧条的原因

Further Discussion on the Reasons of British Agricultural Depression of Late 19th Century

19世纪末英国农业萧条,成为影响英国农业历史发展的一次标志性事件,也代表了英国农业的一次大转型。深究此次农业危机的原因,从表象上来看,我们可以归咎于恶劣的天气影响与海外农产品的大量涌入。从更深的层次来看,则在于则在于工业的发展与工业集团实力膨胀,以及资本主义租佃制农业的影响。对这次农业萧条的原因进行一次更加深入的诠释与考察,对于我们更好地认识近代以来英国农业发展进程是非常有必要的。

Br i t ish a g r ic u l tu r a l d ep re s s io n of la te 19t h c e n tu ry w a s a la n dm a rk e v e n t w h ic h a f fe c ted the historical de ve lopme nt of Br i t i s h a g r ic u l tu r e , also re p re s e n ts a m a jo r t r a n s fo rm a t io n of th e B r i t i s h agricultural development. R e asons fo r a g r ic u l tu ra l c r is is a re as fo l low s： T h e a p p a re n t re a so n s c an be th e bad weather and the inf lux of fo re ig n a g r ic u l tu ra l p ro d u c ts. Some de ep e r re a so n s a re th a t th e d ev e lo pmen t of industry , s t r engthening of in d u s t r ia l is ts a s w e l l as th e im p a c t o f c a p i ta l is t te n a n c y s y s tem . D raw in g on achievements of othe r sch o la rs e f fe c t iv e ly , i t is n e c e s sa ry fo r u s to h a v e a f u r th e r e x p la n a t io n s a n d s tu d y on reasons of agr icul tural d e p re s s io n.