婴儿先天性胆总管囊肿52例围手术期护理效果分析

Analysis of Nursing Effect of 52 Cases of Infants with Congenital Choledochal Cyst during the Perioperative Period

目的研究52例婴儿先天性胆总管囊肿患儿的围手术期护理措施、要点和护理后取得的效果。方法在2015年1月—2016年1月期间,该院对52例婴儿先天性胆总管囊肿患儿的临床数据进行收集和记录,总结围术期护理要点。结果从患儿前来该院就诊直至确诊,其中位时间达到2.5个月,其中主要术前并发症类型为感染、水肿性营养不良、贫血以及囊中穿孔等;胆总管远端位置呈现为狭窄的状态,部分患儿甚至出现完全闭锁。手术完成后腹水出现7例(13.46%)、上消化道出血3例(5.76%)、创口裂开4例(7.69%),肝功能衰竭1例(1.92%)。结论胆总管远端狭窄是造成婴儿先天性胆总管囊肿的直接因素,通过腹部检查能提高临床对此病症的早期诊断率,临床价值显著,同时要着重关注患儿围手术期护理,从而有效降低并发症的发生几率。

Objective To research the nursing measures, key points and nursing effect of 52 cases of infants with congenital choledochal cyst during the perioperative period. Methods The clinical data of 52 cases of infants with congenital choledochal cyst from January 2015 to January 2016 were collected and recorded and the nursing key points during the perioperative period were summarized. Results The median time was 205 months from the admission to confirmation, and the main complications before operation were infection, hydropic dystrophy, anemia and capsule perforation, and the distal position of ductus communis showed the straitness shape, and complete atresia even occurred to some patients, after operation, ascites was in 7 cases, accounting for 13.46%, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage was in 3 cases, accounting for 5.76%, wound dehiscence was in 4 cases, accounting for 7.69% and liver failure was in 1 case, accounting for 1.92%. Conclusion The distal stenosis of choledochus is a direct factor of congenital choledochal cyst in infants, the abdominal examination can improve the early diagnosis rate of diseases with obvious clinical value, at the same time, we should pay attention to the nursing of infants during the perioperative period thus effectively reduce the occurrence probability of complications.