低轨时差频差系统对运动目标的定位能力

Moving Target Location Capability of a Low-orbit TDOA/FDOA System

战场高速运动目标往往具有高威胁性,现有天基电子侦察手段对此类目标的定位跟踪能力已经难以适应现代战场感知需要。通过研究时差频差定位原理,在现有双星体制基础上构建了三星时差频差定位体制;同时结合卡尔曼滤波算法,实现了对空中高速运动目标的定位和速度估计。经计算仿真,系统对空中高速运动目标的定位精度达到了几公里量级,速度估计误差达到了10m/s量级,充分验证了方法的工程可行性。通过上述改进,大幅扩展了天基时差频差系统的应用范围,将有力提升天基系统的战场感知能力。

High-speed moving targets in battlefield are of great threat in general. But existing spaceborne electronic reconnaissance measures cannot meet the requirement of battlefield awareness for locating and tracking fast targets. Based on the research on Time Difference and Frequency Difference of Arrival （TDOA/FDOA） pr inciples,an innovative tri-satellite locating system is constructed in purpose of promo-ting the profile capability of dual-satellite system. By using Kalman filtering algorithm,the system achieves location and speed estimation of high-speed aerial targets. As tested in the simulation,the location accura-cy of the system for high-speed aerial targets is within kilometers,and the speed estimation error is in 10 m/s level,which adequately demonstrates the engineering feasibility of the system. The improvement great-ly expands the application scope of space TDOA/FDOA system and effectively enhances the battlefield awareness capability.