类器官及其在肿瘤研究中的应用

Organoid and Its Application in Cancer Research

类器官(organoid)作为一种新型的肿瘤研究模型能够高度模拟原位组织的生理结构和功能,可以稳定地维持肿瘤细胞在体内的特征,同时也适用于高通量的药物筛选和个性化治疗。此外,类器官模型又是干细胞研究的有力工具,可以在体外重构具有部分生理功能的类器官组织。基于这些优点,类器官模型将会在肿瘤和干细胞研究中扮演着越来越重要的角色。该综述将从类器官的发展简史、主要类型、研究应用和未来展望四个方面进行讨论。

The emerging organoid technology allows the in vitro long-term culture of patients derived cancer cells which faithfully recapitulate the in vivo phenotype. This technology facilitates high-throughput drug screening and personalized therapies. Recent advances in organoid technology allow embryonic and adult mammalian stem cells to reflect key structural and functional properties of organs in vitro. Based on these advantages, organoid technology will play a more important role in cancer research and stem cell studies. In this review, we will discuss the development of organoid technology, main sources, current applications in cancer research and future tendency.