家庭雾化治疗儿童感染后咳嗽的临床效果分析

Clinical effect of family atomization in treatment of children with post-infectious cough

目的对比家庭雾化吸入治疗感染后咳嗽(PIC)与传统疗法治疗PIC,分析家庭雾化治疗PIC的临床效果。方法收集2014年6月至2016年5月在珠海市妇幼保健院门诊就诊的PIC儿童120例,随机分为雾化组和对照组两组,每组60例。对照组给予传统的基本治疗(止咳、祛痰及H1受体阻断剂等对症治疗);雾化组在基本治疗基础上,再在家庭中加用射流雾化器每次吸入布地奈德(普米克)令舒2mL和特布他林令舒1mL(体重>20kg者给予2mL),2次/日。对比两组在首诊用药后3天、1周及2周时咳嗽转归情况。结果在首诊后的第3天,雾化组咳嗽消失和咳嗽减轻患儿比例明显高于对照组(χ~2值分别为6.99、28.68,均P<0.05),咳嗽无改变患儿比例远低于对照组(χ~2=42.25,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。在首诊后1周和2周,雾化组咳嗽消失患儿例数高于对照组(χ~2值分别为41.11、31.16,均P<0.05),咳嗽减轻和咳嗽无改变的例数低于对照组(治疗1周:χ~2值分别为5.89、15.36,均P<0.05;治疗2周:χ~2值分别为15.54、8.09,均P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。结论家庭雾化吸入布地奈德和特布他林令舒治疗PIC起效快,效果好,值得推广。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of family atomization in the treatment of children with post-infectious cough（PIC） by comparing the treatment data of family atomizing inhalation and traditional therapy.Methods A total of 120 children,who were treated in the outpatient department of Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from June 2014 to May 2016,were collected and divided into atomization group and control group randomly with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given traditional treatment（relieving cough,expectorant,H1 receptor antagonist and some other symptomatic treatments）,while the atomization group was given jet nebulizer inhalation of budesonide（pulmicort） respules 2ml and terbutaline respules 1ml（2ml was given when weight〉20kg） twice a day in family based on the traditional treatment.Coughing improvement was compared between two groups after 3 days,1 week and 2 weeks after the first diagnosis.Results In the 3rd day after the first diagnosis,the cases of cough disappearance and relieve in the atomization group were significantly more than those in the control group（χ~2value was 6.99 and 28.68,respectively,both P〈0.05）,and the cases of cough without improvement were far less than those in the control group（χ~2=42.25,P〈0.05）.The differences were statistically significant.In1 and 2 weeks after the first diagnosis,the cases of cough disappearance were significantly more in the atomization group than those in the control group（χ~2value was 41.11 and 31.16,respectively,both P〈0.05）,and the cases of cough without improvement and relieve were far less than those in the control group（treatment for 1 week：χ~2value was 5.89 and 15.36,respectively,both P〈0.05;treatment for 2weeks：χ~2value was 15.54 and 8.09,respectively,both P〈0.05）.The differences were also statistically significant.Conclusion Family atomization inhalation of budesonide and terbutaline respules is fast and effective in the treatment of PIC,and it is worth promoting.