汉英翻译文学批评的困惑及其哲学思考

Axiological Approach to Problems in Criticism of Chinese-English Literary Translation

某些汉语文学作品的英译本在西方的接受情况与我国许多批评者的高度赞赏并不相符,对此翻译界鲜有系统、令人信服的反思。本文借鉴价值哲学理论,从价值主体的确定、评价主体与价值主体的关系、评价尺度的来源等三个方面予以分析,指出翻译文学批评中价值主体的错位、评价主体与价值主体的混淆都首先导致评价尺度的误判,进而造成评价结论的偏颇;除此之外,翻译文学批评中过分强调译者传递源语文化的责任而忽视译本审美功能的做法,是十分明显的评价尺度错位,同样带来评价结果的偏误。

In Chinese-English literary translation criticism, there is a puzzling problem that the English translations of some Chinese literary works get lots of praise in China but have few readers abroad. This paper deals with the problem from the perspective of Axiology, focusing on the recognition of value subject, on the relationship between appraiser and value subject, and on the criteria for the evaluation, with the conclusion that both the mis-recognition of value subject and the replacement of value subject by the appraiser would result in invalid criticism, and that too much weight on the transfer of the original culture into the translated work can not justify itself in the criticism.