艾纳香丛枝菌根与土壤因子的相关性

Correlations between Soil Factors and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Blumea balsamifera

【目的】探明艾纳香根系侵染特性及其与土壤因子的关系。【方法】采用湿筛倾析-蔗糖离心法进行孢子分离,根据《VA菌根鉴定手册》和国际丛枝菌根真菌保藏中心提供的种描述及图片,对贵州兴义市南盘江镇的歪染村和田房村艾纳香的根系及土壤进行AM真菌分离鉴定。【结果】歪染村和田房村艾纳香根系及土壤共分离鉴定出AM真菌4属53种,其中,球囊霉属25种,无梗囊霉属8种,巨孢囊霉属1种,盾巨孢囊霉属1种;歪染村样地中鉴定AM真菌2属35种,其中球囊霉属22种,无梗囊霉属13种,两样地的优势属均为球囊霉属。【结论】不同样地AM(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal)真菌种类分布有明显差异,AM真菌能与艾纳香根系共生形成疆南星型丛枝菌根;秋季AM真菌孢子密度明显高于夏季,但夏秋两季菌根侵染率无显著差异。AM真菌侵染率与土壤pH呈显著正相关(r=0.549,P<0.05),AM真菌的空间分布及其侵染特性与土壤环境密切相关。

[ Objective] The present paper aims to discuss the infection characteristics of Blumea balsamifera roots and correlations between soil factors and AM fungi of Blumea balsamifera. [ Method ] The AM fungi isolated from soil and Blumea balsamifera roots in Wairan and Tianfang Villages, Xingyi City were identified by the wet sieving decant-sucrose centrifugation method according to the species description and pictures provided by Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhiza Appraisal Handbook and International Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Conservation Center. [ Result]53 AM fungi species are isolated from soil and Blumea balsamifera roots in Wairan and Tianfang Villages and 33 species, 18 species, 1 species and 1 species belong to glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora and Scutellospora separately. 35 AM fungi species are isolated from soil and Blumea balsamifera roots in Wairan Village and 22 species and 13 species belong to glomus and Acaulospora respectively. The dominant genera is glomus in two sample plots. [ Conclusion] There is an obvious difference in species distribution of AM fungi between two sample plots. AM fungi can form the arum-type AM with Blumea balsamifera roots symbiotically. The spore density of AM fungi in Autumn is obviously higher than in Summer but there is no significant difference in mycorrhizal infection rate between Autumn and Summer. The infection rate of AM fungi is positively related to soil pH significantly （r =0.549,P 〈0.05）. The spatial distribution and infection rate of AM fungi are related to soil environment closely.