摘要
【目的】本文探讨了切花月季自育品种‘云粉’作父本时结籽率差异显著且较低的原因。【方法】以改良的制片法对‘云粉’的花粉母细胞减数分裂各个时期进行了观察。【结果】观察‘云粉’花粉母细胞减数分裂的最佳时期是当花药由淡绿色转变为淡黄色、花蕾横径为1.03~1.07 cm、纵径为2.9~3.4 cm大小时;在同一花药中,花粉母细胞的减数分裂并不同步,可以观察到不同时期的分裂相。花粉母细胞在减数第1次分裂过程中存在单价体、三价体、染色体桥等异常现象,减数第2次分裂末期观察到三分体和二分体。【结论】‘云粉’因花粉母细胞减数分裂过程存在异常分裂现象,从而产生2n雄配子,在一定程度上降低了其作父本时的结籽率。
[ Objective]Rosa ' Yunfen' was a plant breeders' right owned new cut rose cultivar. The rose hip and achene setting rates were very low and differred significantly among crossing combinations when R. ' Yunfen' was used as the paternal parents in hybridization breeding. [ Method ] To find the reason, pollen mother cell meiosis of R. ' Yunfen' was observed and the meiotic phases in different periods of the division were recorded in this study. [ Result ] The optimal time for observation of meiosis was when the bud was about 1.03 - 1.07 cm wide and 2.9 - 3.4 cm long. At that stage, the anther colour turned from light green to yellowish green. The meiotic behaviors of pollen mother cells were non-synchronic and several meiosis phases could be observed in the same anther. Abnormal phenomina of meiosis such as univalent, trivalent and chromosome-bridge could be observed in the first division of meiosis. Then, triad and dyad were produced in the second division of meiosis of R. ' Yunfen' , by which 2n pollens were formed. [ Conclusion] The abnormal division of PMCs of R. ' Yunfen' might be a reason for the low hip and aehene setting rate when used as paternal parent in breeding.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期881-886,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31060267
31560301)
关键词
月季
花粉母细胞
减数分裂
2n雄配子
结籽率
Rosa hybrid L.
Pollen mother cell (PMC)
Meiosis
2n pollen
Hip and athene setting rate