摘要
埃博拉病毒病以往被人们称作埃博拉病毒性出血热,目前尚无针对该病的特异性治疗措施与药物,疫苗成为最有可能预防控制病毒传播的手段。目前,多种埃博拉候选疫苗已经进入了临床试验,包括减毒水疱性口炎病毒载体埃博拉疫苗(rVSV-ZEBOV)、复制缺陷型黑猩猩3型腺病毒载体埃博拉疫苗(cAd3-EBO或ChAd3-EBO-Z)、复制缺陷型人5型腺病毒载体埃博拉疫苗(Ad5-EBOV)和人3型副流感病毒载体埃博拉疫苗(HPIV3)等。ChAd3-EBO-Z和Ad5-EBOV等在早期的临床试验中均表现出较好的安全性和免疫原性。rVSV-ZEBOV率先完成了Ⅲ期临床试验,已证实其对埃博拉病毒病的预防具有很高的保护效力,但是研究数据也提示了该疫苗可能存在的安全性问题。本文旨在回顾2014年以来埃博拉疫苗在临床试验研究方面的重大进展,讨论尚存的问题和挑战以及未来的发展方向。
Ebola virus disease（EVD） is formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. No specific drugs and treatments against Ebola disease are available currently. Vaccination is considered as the most promising and effective method to control EVD. So far, several candidate vaccines have been developed and evaluated through clinical trials, including recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine expressing Zaire ebolavirus（rVSV-ZEBOV）, replication-defective recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus type 3-vectored Ebola vaccines（cAd3-EBO or ChAd3-EBO-Z）, replication-defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5 vector-based Ebola virus vaccines（Ad5-EBOV） and human parainfluenza virus type 3-based Ebola vaccine（HPIV3）. Among them, ChAd3-EBO-Z and Ad5-EBOV have demonstrated good safety and immunogenicity profile. rVSV-ZEBOV is the most promising candidate vaccine, which has showed a significant protection against EVD in a phase Ⅲ clinical trial. However, the safety evaluation of the rVSV-ZEBOV has still raised some concerns. This paper aims to review the important development of Ebola vaccines since the outbreak of Ebola in 2014, and discusses the issues and challenges remained together with the trends in the future.
出处
《传染病信息》
2017年第2期82-85,共4页
Infectious Disease Information
基金
江苏省临床医学中心科教强卫工程(YXZXB2016005)
江苏省青年医学人才科教强卫工程(QNRC2016553)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(SJLX15_0071)
