兰州市儿童饮食行为问题综合干预效果研究

Study on the effect of comprehensive intervention for childhood dietary behavior problems in Lanzhou city

目的研究儿童饮食行为问题的有效干预方法。方法收集2014年10月-2015年4月在该院儿童保健营养门诊就诊且有饮食行为问题的7个月~4岁儿童460例,其中失访28例,实际研究对象432例。随机分为对照组和干预组,每组216例。干预组给予综合干预4次,随访观察6个月,对照组不参与干预组的综合干预,仅在干预后6个月时随访1次,比较两组干预效果。结果 6个月后干预组儿童饮食行为问题中吃得少、吃得慢、对食物不感兴趣、拒绝某些食物、不愿尝试新食物、偏爱某些食物的发生率分别由65.30%、74.58%、60.30%、51.33%、64.65%、57.98%下降到36.74%、21.86%、42.77%、33.26%、16.28%、38.42%,且家长喂养知识及态度的改善和儿童生长发育水平变化显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论综合干预措施可有效改进家长的喂养观念及方法,从而改善儿童饮食行为问题。

Objective To research the effective intervention methods of children with dietary behavior problems. Methods A total of 460 children aged months-4 years who had dietary behavior problems were selected from Pediatric Health Care and Nutrition Outpatient in the hospital from October 2014 to April 2015, then 28 children were lost to follow-up, so 432 children were enrolled in the study finally. The children were divided into control group and intervention group, 216 children in each group. The children in intervention group were treated by comprehensive intervention, then they were followed up for 6 months; the children in control group were treated by traditional in- tervention, then they were followed up after six months. The intervention effects were compared between the two groups. Results The inci- dence rates of low intake, eating slowly, losing interest in foods, refusing to certain foods, refusing to try new foods, and preference for cer- tain foods decreased from 65.30%, 74.58%, 60. 30%, 51.33%, 64. 65%, 57.98% to 36. 74%, 21.86%, 42. 77%, 33.26%, 16. 28%, 38.42%, respectively. The improvements of parental feeding knowledge and attitude and childhood growth and development levels in intervention group were statistically significantly better than those in control group （P〈0. 05） . Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures can effectively improve parental feeding knowledge and methods, so dietary behavior problems of children are improved.