简述布鲁诺·拉图尔的实验室思想

A Review on Bruno Latour's Idea of Laboratory

布鲁诺·拉图尔被认为是法国当代著名科学哲学家、人类学家,科学社会学研究的领军人物。上世纪70年代,拉图尔受邀在美国著名的萨尔克生物实验室进行了为期两年的田野式研究。随后出版《实验室生活》、《科学在行动》等著作,提出了科学知识的社会建构理论与行动者网络理论。本文将对拉图尔这两本著作进行梳理,分成"实验室建构"和"社会建构"两方面,把"实验室思想"的要点抽出,以便使其理论标准化,同时也更易于研究者对拉图尔思想的理解与把握。

Bruno Latour, a well-known French philosopher and anthropologist and the pioneer in the field of sociology of science, was invited to the United States to lead a 2-year field investigation in famous Salk Institute in 1970s. In his books like Laboratory Life and Science in Action published later on, he proposed his theory of social constructivism on scientific knowledge and the Actor-Network-Theory. The paper is an attempt to extract the gist of his idea of laboratory from 2 perspectives, that is, laboratory construction and social construction, aiming to standardize his theories and help researchers gain an insight into his philosophical ideas.