河口海岸水动力非静压数学模型研究述评

Review of non-hydrostatic numerical models for estuarial and coastal hydrodynamics

在回顾非静压模型发展历程的基础上,概述了其基本方程、常用的数值计算及网格设置方法。针对非静压模型计算效率低的问题,综述了现有3类提高计算效率方法的优缺点。分析了非静压模型与静压模型在控制方程和数值方法方面的差异,归纳了非静压模型在近岸波浪传播变形以及河口斜压问题的应用情况。已有研究表明,非静压模型在近岸波浪传播变形、波浪与建筑物相互作用以及河口盐淡水混合的模拟研究中具有优势。但在计算效率、边界条件、浅水非线性、波浪破碎和实际应用等方面还存在需要解决的问题,针对这些问题提出了今后的研究方向。

The governing equations, discretization method, and grid configuration of non-hydrostatic models are summarized based on review of the development of non-hydrostatic models. As the main limitation of non- hydrostatic models is the low computational efficiency, three kinds of approaches to improving the models＇ efficiency are analyzed. Moreover, the main differences in the governing equations and numerical method between the non-hy- drostatic and hydrostatic models are examined. The applications of non-hydrostatic models in coastal wave transformation and estuarine baroclinic problem are shown. The performances of non-hydrostatic models in these cases show that the models have advantages in simulating wave transformation, wave-structure interactions, and fresh water-salt water mixing in estuarial areas. Nevertheless, there are still many problems in the computational ef- ficiency, boundary conditions, sallow-water nonlinearity, wave breaking, and practical applications of non- hydrostatic models. Finally, based on these problems, future directions for non-hydrostatic models are presented.