重金属对日本楤木生理生化特性的影响分析

The Effects Analysis of Heavy Metals Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Aralia elata var. inermis

采用盆栽试验,通过对可溶性蛋白质、叶绿素、丙二醛(MDA)以及抗氧化酶活性等的分析来研究不同重金属(Pb、Cd)对日本楤木(Aralia elata var.inermis)的膜系统、光合系统以及抗氧化酶系统生理特性的影响。结果表明,在重金属胁迫下,脯氨酸和MDA的含量均随着胁迫浓度的增加而先减后增,可溶性蛋白质的含量则呈相反趋势。叶绿素的含量则在Pb胁迫下呈先增后减的趋势,而在Cd胁迫下则呈先减后增再减的趋势。日本楤木体内的过氧化物酶(POD)的活性在两种不同重金属胁迫下,随着浓度的增加而逐渐降低,而CAT的活性则相反,但在Pb胁迫下略有不同,在浓度达到1 000 mg/kg时,CAT的活性降低。并且除了CAT活性以外,Pb胁迫下的日本楤木体内的这些含量均比Cd胁迫下的要高,即日本楤木抵抗重金属Pb胁迫的能力比抵抗重金属Cd的能力要强。

The pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different heavy metals （Pb,Cd） on the effects of physio- logical and biochemical characteristics of Aralia clara var. inermis ,including the membrane system, photosynthetic system and antioxidant enzyme system, by analyzing the soluble protein content, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation （MDA） content and oxidation protective enzyme activity and so on. The results showed that the proline and MDA contents increased first, then deceased with increasing concentration of heavy metals, the soluble protein content was opposite. Along with the increase of metal levels,the chlorophyll content showed the trend of firstly increased then decreased and firstly decreased then in- creased and decreased again separately under the stress of Pb and Cd. The activity of peroxidase （POD） in A. clara var. in- erm/s decreased with increasing the concentration of both Pb and Cd,but the catalase （CAT） was opposite. In addition, when the Pb concentration in soil reached 1 000 mg/kg,the activity of CAT decreased. At the same time, it could be found that these contents analysis under the stress of Pb were higher than the stress of Cd,besides the activity of CAT. And the ability of resistance of A. elata var. inermis under the stress of Pb was higher than Cd.