接闪器对旋转风机引雷能力影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on the Influence of the Air Terminal on Triggered Lightning Ability of Rotation Wind Turbine

为研究接闪器对旋转风机引雷能力的影响机理,设计了典型2 MW容量风机的1:30微缩模型,考虑了叶尖部分2种典型接闪器类型,利用波形参数为-250/2 500μs的负极性操作冲击波开展了旋转风机模型的接闪放电试验。试验采用升降法获取了各工况条件下的50%放电电压,并进行了放电过程观测。试验结果表明:在长度为1 m的间隙条件下,间隙的击穿电压随着叶片转速的升高而提升,最多提升4.07%;同时,随着接闪器曲率半径的增大,间隙击穿电压降低,迎面流注的连接位置更加接近高压电极,风机的引雷能力也增强,叶片转动对风机引雷能力的影响程度减小。分析认为,接闪器的曲率半径和叶片的转动改变了叶尖区域的电荷分布,对叶尖接闪器流注的产生和发展产生影响,从而改变了风机的引雷能力。试验结果为风电机组的接闪器设计提供了参考借鉴。

In order to study the influence of air terminals on rotating wind turbine trigger lightning ability, we designed a 1：30 miniatures typical 2 MW wind turbine model considering two typical air terminals on the tip of wind turbine blades. Meanwhile, using the -250/2 500μs negative switching impulse wave, we experimentally researched the lightning dis- charge of rotating wind turbine model. The 50% discharge voltage of each working condition was obtained by using the up-and-down method, and the discharge process was observed. Test results show that, under the conditions of 1 m gap, the flashover voltage of the gap will increase by 4.07% maximum as the rotation speed of blade is higher. Meanwhile, with the increase of the radius of curvature of blade tip air terminal, the gap breakdown voltage decreases. The leader connec- tion point is closer to the high voltage electrode, which enhances the lightning attracting ability of the wind turbine, and the influence of blade rotation on trigger wind turbine lightning ability will decrease, thus changing the trigger lightning ability of wind turbine. The test results provide a reference for the design of the wind turbine air terminal.