植物生长调节剂对彩色棉胚珠离体培养纤维发育的影响

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Fiber Growth and Development in Colored Cotton Ovule Culture in vitro

天然彩色棉是理想的绿色、环保、健康纺织原料。本研究以棕1-61、RT白絮、绿棉CC28为材料,采取不同浓度的植物生长调节剂处理胚珠,在离体培养30 d后观察纤维显色状况,测量纤维长度并称取胚珠鲜重、纤维干重和胚珠干重。采用新复极差法进行多重比较。结果表明,水杨羟基肟酸和氟啶酮处理下,棕色棉和绿色棉纤维颜色均变淡,且浓度越高颜色越浅;添加低浓度尿素、氯霉素和芸薹素唑可以使棕色棉显色明显,但对绿色棉纤维色泽显现影响不大;添加氯化钴后,棕色棉纤维色泽变淡,而对绿色棉纤维色泽影响不大;另外氯化钴还抑制愈伤组织的生成;添加苯丙氨酸解氨酶抑制剂或4CL抑制剂后棕色棉和绿色棉纤维颜色变浅,浓度越高,颜色越淡;水杨羟基肟酸、芸薹素唑、氟啶酮、氯化钴、苯丙氨酸解氨酶抑制剂或4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶(4CL)抑制剂的添加均导致纤维长度、胚珠鲜重、纤维干重和胚珠干重等降低。本文筛选出参与调控彩色棉纤维发育和色素合成的植物生长调节剂,为彩色棉纤维色泽改良提供一定的理论基础。

Naturally colored cotton is an ideal textile raw material for the environmental protection and human health. The ovule of cotton varieties Z1-61, Lyumian CC28, and RT-baixu（CK） was cultured in the media with different concentrations of plant growth regulators（Me JA, SHAM, BR, BRz, FLD, ETH, CoCl2, PAL inhibitor, 4CL inhibitor, Urea, and Chl）. After 30 days, the fiber color, fiber length, ovule fresh weight, ovule dry weight and fiber dry weight were determined and analyzed with Duncan’s new multiple range method. Under the treatments of salicylhydroxamic, phenylalanine ammonia solution enzyme inhibitor and 4CL inhibitor, the color of Z1-61 and Lyumian CC28 cotton fiber was light, and the higher the concentration of the Salicylhydroxamic acid, the lighter of the cotton fiber color. BRz（2.5 μmol L-1） was conducive to the pigment accumulation in brown cotton fiber, while did not have any significant effect on the pigment appearance of green cotton. Both FLD and CoCl2 made the color of brown cotton fiber lighter, while CoCl2 had little influence on the green color cotton fiber and inhibited the formation of callus. Moreover, salicylhydroxamic acid, BRz, FLD, CoCl2, phenylalanine ammonia solution enzyme inhibitor or 4CL inhibitor decreased the fiber length, ovule fresh weight, fiber dry weight and ovule dry weight. In addition, 5 g L-1 urea or 1 mg L-1 Chl were advantageous to the brown cotton fiber pigment synthesis. In conclusion, the growth regulators tested in this study revealed the correlations among pigments synthesis, hormone, flavonoid metabolism and protein metabolism, which would be useful for developing colored cotton cultivars.