苏州古城区水系演变规律及水动力改善研究

Study on structure and evolution of river network in Suzhou Ancient City

苏州古城区水系是历代人工开凿,并且保存较为完整的历史文化遗产。以苏州古城区水系的产生、发展、破坏和恢复为主线,探讨了其水系演变规律及结构特征。结果表明:(1)苏州古城区水系有别于天然河道,具有一定规整性;(2)其水系消亡破坏过程与天然河道相同;(3)具备平原城市河网特点,存在一定水环境问题。进一步通过采用时空对比的研究方式,分析了苏州古城区水源的演变和特点,得出以下结果:(1)苏州古城区水系通江达湖,连通性好;(2)水系水流路径由20世纪80年代的西进东出转变为北进南出;(3)长江大通站的水位、水质和水量特征显示,长江能为苏州古城区水系提供具有优质水势、水质和水量的高保障率水源。以上论证显示,苏州古城区水系具备潜在的水质提升基础。

The river network of Suzhou Ancient City, which was excavated, planned and developed by manual labor in past dy- nasties, is a well protected historical and cultural heritage. In this paper, the evolution law and structure feature of the river net- work are discussed in terms of generation, development, damage and recovery. The research concludes that the channel structure is different from natural rivers for its regularity but the damage features are the same ; the river network of Suzhou Ancient City has the same characteristics with the river network in plain city. Further the water source characteristics of Suzhou Ancient City is an- alyzed by comparing its temporal and spatial changes. The geographic position of Suzhou Ancient City has advantageous connec- tivity to the Taihu Lake and the Yangtze River. The flow paths of the river system have changed from western flow - in and east- ward flow - out to northern flow - in and southward flow - out. The water level, quality and quantity at Datong hydrological station on the Yangtze River shows that the Yangtze River can provide excellent water source for Suzhou Ancient City. The river network of Suzhou Ancient City possesses the potential capacity of water environment improvement.