绞股蓝皂苷对痴呆小鼠认知能力的作用及其机制

Function and its mechanism of gypenoside on improving cognitive competence of dementia mice

目的探讨绞股蓝皂苷(GPs)对痴呆小鼠认知能力的作用及其机制。方法联合使用三氯化铝、D-半乳糖和亚硝酸钠复制阿尔茨海默病(AD)小鼠模型;按照随机数字表法分为:AD模型组、GPs 50 mg/kg组、GPs 150 mg/kg组、GPs 250 mg/kg组、安理申组及正常组;3个GPs组给予不同剂量的GPs,连续给药3个月,观察各组抗氧化指标和形态学染色的差异。结果 GPs 250 mg/kg组与AD模型组、GPs 150 mg/kg组比较,潜伏期、第一次穿越原平台位置时间明显缩短(P<0.05或P<0.01),而在原平台象限的活动时间明显变长(P<0.05或P<0.01),且接近正常组(P>0.05)。与AD模型组比较,GPs 150 mg/kg组、GPs 250 mg/kg组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性依次升高(P<0.05),而丙二醛(MDA)含量依次降低(P<0.05);且GPs 250 mg/kg组上述三个指标接近正常组(P>0.05)。HE染色:AD模型组海马CA2区锥体细胞数量少、排列不整齐,结构模糊,而GPs250 mg/kg组神经元数量多,排列较均匀、整齐,结构较清晰。结论 GPs通过抗氧化等作用保护海马神经元,从而改善痴呆小鼠的认知能力。

Objective To discuss function and its mechanism of Gypenosides （GPs） on improving cognitive competence of dementia mice. Methods Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） mice model was copied by combining alchlor, D-galactose and sodium nitrite. According to the random number table method, these mice were divided into AD model group, GPs 50 mg/kg group, GPs 150 mg/kg group, GPs 250 mg/kg group, Aricept group and normal group randomly. Three GPs groups were injected with different doses of GPs for three consecutive months to observe the differences in anti-oxida- tive index and morphological staining pattern of the three groups. Results The incubation period and the time when the original platform position was passed through for the first time were shortened significantly （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）, GPs 250 mg/kg group comparied with AD model group and GPsl50 mg/kg group, the activity time in the original platform quadrant extended obviously （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）, and it closes to the normal group （P 〉 0.05）. Comparied with AD model group, the SOD, GSH-Px activities of GPs 150 mg/kg group, GPs 250 mg/kg group rose respectively （P 〈 0.05）, and MDA concentration decreased （P 〈 0.05）, but the above four indexes of GPs 250 mg/kg group were approximate to the normal group （P 〉 0.05）. HE staining： the quantity of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA2 sector decreased and ar- ranged irregularly with an obscure structure. But there was a large amount of neuron in GPs 250 mg/kg group, which arranged evenly and orderly with a clear structure. Conclusion GPs protects hippocampal neuron by its anti-oxidabili- ty, further improving the cognitive competence of dementia mice.