三七根际微生物群落组成及多样性研究

Study on Composition and Diversity of Rhizospheric Microbial Community from Panax notoginseng

三七是驰名中外的名贵药材,具有多种药用功能,但由于三七连作障碍使三七的产量和品质受到极大的影响。通过对三七根际土壤(种植2年、种植3年、种植健康三七以及感病三七)微生物群落多态性的相关研究,揭示了土壤微生态组成与健康三七生长的相关性。基于微生物群落对不同碳氮源利用率的差异,在Biolog ECO生态培养板上培养三七根际土壤微生物,分别培养4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h、144 h、168 h来检测其代谢水平的变化;同时还针对不同年限和健康状况的三七根际土壤的酸碱度、有机质等土壤肥力属性进行了对比分析。研究结果显示:健康三七根际土与感病三七根际土的各项指标都具有很大的差异,其中健康三七根际土中的氮、磷、钾、镁含量和土壤微生物群落的生理活性均高于感病根际土;不同种植年限的土壤有机质等土壤肥力属性均有改变,主要表现为根际土壤微生物代谢功能降低和微生物结构组成简单。研究结果为三七种植克服其连作障碍提供了一定的土壤生态学信息和理论基础。

Panax notoginseng is a famous rare medicinal herbs, which has a variety of medicinal functions. Because of continuous cropping, its yield and quality are greatly affected. This research studied the polymorphism of the microbial community about the Panax notoginseng rhizosphere soil （ planted for two years, planted for three years, planted healthy plants and planted susceptible disease）, aimed to reveal the relationship among them. Based on different carbon and nitrogen sources utilization in microbial communities, we used Biolog ecological culture plate to culture different microorganism in rhizosphere soil, cultured for 4 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h and 168 h to assess the changes of metabolic level. In different planted years and heath status, we also made a comparative analysis of organic matter soil fertility properties. Research results showed that： Rhizosphere soil of healthy Panax notoginseng and susceptible disease were great different, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium content, physiological activity and soil microbial communities in rhizosphere soil of healthy Panax notoginseng were higher than the susceptible disease soil; organic matter soil fertility properties changed in Panax notoginseng soil, especially the soil microbial metabolism were reduced and microbial structure became single. Through the research, it can provide some edapholoy scientific information and theoretical basis on overcoming continuous cropping obstacles.