弧形公路隧道在典型火灾工况下的烟气特性研究

Study on Fire Smoke Movement inside Arc-shaped Tunnels under Typical Fire Condition

目前,我国已经进行了大量公路隧道火灾的研究,包括实体试验和数值模拟试验,研究的参数包括临界风速、烟气温度、烟气组分、可见度等。有研究表明,不同形状的隧道对火灾烟气运动的影响也不同,但当前大部分研究是基于"直形""斜坡"公路隧道,缺少对"弧形"公路隧道火灾烟气方面的研究。采用数值模拟的方法研究了重庆市某"弧形"公路隧道在临界风速下的火灾烟气流动特性,具体对烟气组分、烟气温度、可见度等参量进行分析,为弧形隧道的应急救援和人员逃生提供参考。

At present, a large number of studies including physical experiments, numerical simulation experiments have been carried out on highway tunnel fires. These studies focus on parameters of critical velocity, smoke tempera- ture, smoke components, visibility and so on. But the shapes of different tunnels can have different effects on smoke movement. The subjects of most previous studies are not ＂ arc - shaped＂ highway tunnels, but ＂ straight＂ and ＂slope＂ highway tunnels. This paper applies the method of numerical simulation to study the fire smoke movement in an ＂arc - shaped＂ highway tunnel in Chongqing at critical air velocity, and analyzes the smoke temperature, smoke components, visibility in details, in an attempt to provide reference for the emergency rescue and escape of arch - shaped tunnel fires.