基于微信的延续护理对失智患者照顾者心理状况的影响

Influence of continuing care based on WeChat on mental health status of the dementia caregivers

目的探讨基于微信的延续护理对失智患者照顾者心理状况的影响,以改善失智患者照顾者心理状况。方法选择浙江医院老年综合病房2015年2月—2016年4月收治的65例失智患者照顾者作为研究对象,将65例研究对象分为干预组32例、对照组33例,对照组在住院期间接受常规健康教育,包括日常生活、服药、安全指导等,出院后3个月接受常规电话随访,干预组患者在此基础上接受为期3个月的基于微信的延续护理,包括成立微信随访小组、在微信公众号上定期发布疾病相关知识、安排小组成员参与微信群聊等。使用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表在干预前和干预后3个月对患者照顾者心理状况进行评估。结果干预后3个月干预组患者照顾者焦虑、抑郁水平分别为38.09±4.96、39.14±7.76,对照组患者照顾者焦虑、抑郁水平分别为41.73±6.39、43.15±7.13,经比较,2组差异有统计学意义(t=-2.562、-2.170,P<0.05)。结论微信作为一种简单方便的方式既为失智患者照顾者提供专业的知识和心理支持,同时为不同照顾者提供沟通交流的平台,基于微信的延续护理对提高失智患者照顾者心理状况有积极作用,可以在临床中推广。

Objective To discuss the influence of continuing care based on We Chat on mental health status of the dementia caregivers,and to improve mental health status of the dementia caregivers. Methods A total of 65 dementia patients and their caregivers from elderly comprehensive ward of Zhejiang Hospital from February,2015 to April,2016 was included in the study and divided into two groups,with 32 in treatment group and 33 in control group. Routine health education including daily life,medicine,safety instruction,etc. was given to the control group during hospitalization,together with regular telephone follow-up in 3 months after discharge. The patients in the treatment group received continuing care based on We Chat for three months on this basis,including the establishment of We Chat follow-up team,regular release disease related knowledge on the official account,and arrangement for the team members to participate in We Chat group chat,etc.The self-rating anxiety scale（ SAS） and self-rating depression scale（ SDS） were used to measure the mental health status of the dementia caregivers before and after 3 months of the intervention. Results The caregivers level of anxiety,depression in the treatment group were 37. 30 ± 5. 45 and 39. 14 ± 7. 76,respectively,and in the control group were 41. 73 ±6. 39 and 43. 15 ± 7. 13,after the inspection. The differences were significant（ t =-2. 998,-2. 170,all P〈0. 05）.Conclusion We Chat,as a simple and convenient way for dementia patients＇ caregivers to provide professional knowledge and psychological support,provided a communication platform for different caregivers. Continuing care based on WeChat has a significant effect on improving mental health status of the dementia caregivers,and could be further promoted in clinical practice.