植物蔗糖转运蛋白及其生理功能的研究进展

Research Progresses on Plant Sucrose Transporters and Physiological Functions

高等植物通过光合作用产生蔗糖,并以蔗糖形式将同化碳源分配到植物各组织器官中,蔗糖的跨膜转运需要蔗糖转运蛋白的参与。目前,已有研究表明蔗糖转运蛋白广泛存在于高等植物体内,主要在种子、花器、叶肉细胞、韧皮部和根等器官中发挥作用,而通过亚细胞定位可以发现,蔗糖转运蛋白主要定位在细胞的液泡膜及细胞质膜上。综述了国内外对蔗糖转运蛋白的发现、结构、分类、生理功能、功能验证及定位等方面的研究内容,分析了研究蔗糖转运蛋白的意义及目前存在的一些问题,旨为更好地理解蔗糖转运蛋白在植物体内的作用机制做铺垫。

Sucrose is the primary product of photosynthetic CO2 fixation which is used for the distribution of assimilated carbon within higher plants. The transmembraue transport of sucrose requires the participation of sucrose transporters. Currently, studies have shown that sucrose transporter are widely present in higher plants and played main role in seed, flower, leaf cells, phloem, root and other organs. By the way of subeellular localization, sucrose transporters have been found mostly to be located in the cell membrane and vacuole membrane. In this paper, we review the progresses on different aspects of SUTs, such as the protein structure, classification, physiological functions, functional verification and subcellular localization ; then we discussed the research significance and remained problems in studying sucrose transporter for better understanding the action mechanism of sucrose transporter proteins in plants.