真核微藻蓝光受体及其功能研究进展

Research Progress on Blue-photoreceptors and Its Functions in Eukaryotic Microalgae

真核微藻是一类能够进行光合作用的真核生物,起源于内共生事件,因种类繁多、分布广泛及进化历史复杂等特点,使其成为逆境生理研究的理想实验材料。光是环境中重要的信号因子之一,不仅为真核微藻提供能量,而且还为它们提供信息,调节其生长发育过程。为适应光强、光质及光周期等光信息,真核微藻在漫长的进化过程中形成了一套精细的光信号接收和转导系统。光受体在光信号通路中发挥重要的作用,起着接收和转化的桥梁作用。按照光信号波段的不同,目前已知光受体分为红光受体、蓝光受体、绿光受体及紫外光受体。蓝光受体能感受蓝光和近紫外光波段(320-400 nm),在调控植物体的多种生理过程中发挥重要的作用。以高等植物拟南芥中蓝光受体结构及功能研究进展为参照,总结了真核微藻蓝光受体研究进展,重点关注真核微藻蓝光受体基因克隆、蛋白结构、分子进化、光化学特性、生理功能及光信号转导等方面,并提出了今后真核微藻蓝光受体研究工作应注意的问题和关注的重点,以期为真核微藻蓝光受体的研究提供参考。

Eukaryotic microalgae,as a kind of photosynthetic eukaryotes,originate from endosymbiotic events. Their broad varieties,wide distribution,and complexity of evolutionary history make it become an ideal experimental material for research in algal stress physiology.Light is one of the important signal factors in the environment,it is not only the energy source for eukaryotic microalgae,but also providesinformation,and regulates the growth and development. For adapting the information of light intensity,quality and cycles,eukaryoticmicroalgae form a set system of fine light signal receiving and transducing during the long-time evolution. Photoreceptor plays the critical linkagerole of receiving and transforming in the light signal pathway. Based on the various wavelengths of light,there are four types of photoreceptors,i.e.,red/far-red,blue,green and ultraviolet. Blue-photoreceptors can perceive 320-400 nm light and play key roles in the regulation ofmultiple plant physiological processes. Referenced by the study advances on the structures and functions of blue-photoreceptors in higher plantArabidopsis thaliana,we summarized the study advances on the photoreceptor of eukaryotic microalgae,mainly focusing on their gene cloning,protein structure,molecular evolution,photochemical characteristics,physiological functions,and light signal transduction. Moreover,wesuggested the future issues and focuses on the studies of blue-photoreceptors in eukaryotic microalgae,which provide reference for the researchof blue photoreceptors from eukaryotic microalgae.