居家痴呆老年人愉悦性活动参与情况及影响因素研究

The status and influencing factors of pleasant events among community-dwelling dementia patients

目的调查居家痴呆老年人愉悦性活动参与情况及影响因素。方法采用痴呆患者愉悦性活动量表,选取北京、广州及天津266例居家痴呆老年人进行问卷调查。结果研究对象愉悦性活动量表总得分为(14.0±6.7)分,4个维度得分由高到低依次为:感官刺激活动(0.9±0.5)分、家庭性活动(0.8±0.5)分、情感刺激活动(0.8±0.4)分、自主性活动(0.6±0.5)分。多元线性回归显示,痴呆老年人疾病越重、不伴随慢性病、文化程度越低、照顾者文化程度越低,其愉悦性活动总分越低,能解释总变异的41.1%。结论居家痴呆老年人感官刺激活动参与较好,家庭性活动和情感刺激活动次之,自主性活动较差。应指导照顾者根据痴呆老年人疾病严重度选择适当的愉悦性活动,改善其生活质量。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of pleasant events among community-dwelling dementia patients. Methods Totally 266 community-dwelling dementia patients were recruited from Beijing,Guangzhou and Tianjin,and were investigated with the Chinese-version Pleasant Events Schedule-AD（PES-AD）. Results The overall score of PES-AD was （14.0±6.7）. The factor scores from high to low were sensory stimulation activities （0.9±0.5） ,family activities （0.8±0.5）, emotional stimulation activities （0.8±0.4） and autonomy activities （0.6±0.5）. Multiple linear regression showed that the severity of disease,without chronic disease ,educational level of dementia patients and their caregivers were significant influencing factors of pleasant events,which explained 41.1% of the total variance. Conclusion Sensory stimulation activities of community-dwelling dementia patients were relatively satisfactory,followed by family activities and emotional stimulation activities,but autonomy activities were relatively unsatisfactory. It is suggested to choose appropriate pleasant activities according to the severity of disease for dementia patients to improve their quality of life.